Halimedides Lorenz von Liburnau, 1902


DESCRIPTION: Simple, straight to slightly curved, horizontal to oblique, unlined, tubular burrow with a symmetrically distributed series of heart-shaped, angular, trapezoid, oval, semispherical, or bilobate chambers along its length. Filled with light, structureless or pelleted mudstone; pellets are elongate. Scratch marks are visible on the walls of tunnels and chambers in well-preserved specimens. (After Uchman, 1998; Gaillard and Olivero, 2009; Kotlarczyk and Uchman, 2012).

BEHAVIOR(S): Chambers used for food capture and storage. Used for microbial farming by trace-maker; lobes of chambers contain farmed organic material; organized to improve ventilation through burrow system.

ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS: Deep marine environments of stiffground to firmground media. Densely chambered specimens are indicative of lower oxygenation; sparse chambering indicates higher oxygenation. (Gaillard and Olivero, 2009).

POSSIBLE TRACEMAKERS: Crustaceans.

GEOLOGIC RANGE: Cambrian-recent

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES: Uchman, 1998; Gaillard and Olivero, 2009; Kotlarczyk and Uchman, 2012